Conceptual Semantics

Steven Pinker in The Language of Thought defines a mental model used by human minds in human bodies as Conceptual Semantics. Ideas are expressed in the 'language of thought'; an ensemble of concepts recruited from the machinery of evolutionary mental processes that emerge as universal semantic rules that produce human speech acts. Pinker is Chomski's star pupil who expertly lays out a construal of Universal Grammar that provides a neutral - but not weak or sugar coated - formulation of many of Chomski's heavy handed conclusions. Universal Grammar 2.0.

Pinker describes three alternative versions of 'the language of thought' that share some few characteristics but more precisely offer distinct departures from his conceptual semantics. He defines a fine grained version of his own theory by showing specific examples of what he does not include in his own model.

Extreme Nativism - Jerry Fodor
There are 50,000 words in the vocabulary of most humans that coincide precisely and seamlessly with 50,000 innate instances of 'universal meaning'. Me, you, kill, run, dance, trombone and carburator are words without definition - they are not an emergent quality of yet lower level concepts - since they simply 'mean what they mean' in human minds. All that is required to understand 'trombone' is exposure to the kind of thing that our kinds of minds already know from our evolutionary past as a trombone.

Radical Pragmatics
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Linguistic Determinism - Benjamin Worfe
The language we learn from our parents, tribe and culture at large IS the language of thought. There are thoughts we cannot think outside of the language we happen to learn. Culture determines language and language determines the thoughts that a population speaking that language provides.